Horizontal windmill



(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

A ZWIEBEL.

. HORIZONTAL WINDMILL. No. 274,541. Patented Ma.1*.;,27,1888.

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(No Model.) H 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

"A. ZWIBBEL.

HORIZONTAL WINDMILL. N0. 2574,5411. Patented Mar. 27,1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANTON ZWIEBEL, OF BURLINGTON, WISCONSIN.

HORIZONTAL WINDMILL.

SIPECIFlCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,541, dated March 27, 1883.

I Application filed February 1, 1853. (No model.) 7

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, ANTON ZWIEBEL, of Barlington, in the county of Racine and State of Wisconsin, have invented rcertnin Improvements in Horizontal Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to horizontal windmills; and it consists in a novel arrangement of the guard-shutters and their operating devices, and in other lectures hereinafter fully explained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my improved mill, looking from below; Fig. 2, a bottom plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a similar view, illustrating a slight modification in the manner of mounting the guard-shutters; Fig. 4, a horizontal section on the line as m of Fig. 5, and

Fig. 5 a vertical section of the mill.

Windmills of this generaltype have been made for many years; but the presentimprove ments enable me to construct the wheel in a durable manner at a small cost and to utilize avery large percentage of the force of the wind. In the drawings, A represents a tower, of any approved construction, which is broken oil in the drawings for want of room, and B a vertical spindle extending centrally through the tower, supported at its lower end in a suitable step or block, a, and steadied at its upper end by a tubular upright or extension, 0, carried above the tower proper. Upon the spindle or shaft B is secured the wind-wheel D, consist-- ing of a series of rigid vertical tangentiallyarrange'd blades, 1;, extending from a circular horizontal bottom plate or head, 0, to similar top plate or head, (Z, an d braced at an intermediate point or points by a similar plate or plates, preferably extending outward only to about the middle of the blades.- The ripper part of the shaft is squared to prevent the wheel from turning thereon, while the portion within the tubular neck or upright O is cylindrical, as shown.

E represents a revolving shell or casing, consisting of a bottom or floor, 6, and a top or roof, f f, connected by vertical bars orbraces g, and carrying between thereof and the floor a series of pivoted shutters, h, which may be opened or closed to any extent required, to regulate the admission of wind to the wheel, the shutter covering from about one-quarter to one-third of the body of the wheel D, as more plainly indicated in Fig. 4.. These shutters serve not only to control the admission of the wind to the wheel, but also to give direction thereto, the shield or shutter being held on that side of the wheel from which the wind blows by means of a vane or rudder, F, placed on" the top or root of the revolving shell E, as shown, so that it may be readily acted upon by the wind, and not be shielded therefrom by the body of the wheel or the turning shell or casing. The shell or casing E is supported at the top by the upper end of shaft or spindle B and at the bottom upon a shoulder, i, formed upon the tubular neck or upright G, and is therefore well sustained, while permitted to turn freely and easily as required. The shutters h are formed with a-pintle or journal, j, at each end, midway between its edges, which are seated in or passed through circular openings in the top and bottom plates or floor and ceiling 0 and f" of revolving shell or casing E, those at the lower end extending below the floor, and being furnished with radial arms it, each having a vertical stud or pin, 1, at its outer end.

G representsa sector-plate, havingacircular opening at. its inner or central portion to fit around the tubular sleeve or upright C, which is formed with a second shoulder, m, for the inner end of theplate to rest upon, the outer edge or periphery of the plate being provided with slots or notches in, to receive the studs 01- pins 1 of the arms k, upon the upper side of which arms the plate rests and is supported, thus avoiding all danger of its dropping down or of getting out ofplace. it will be seen that under this construction, ifthe plate G be swung about the sleeve or upright C, the head or guard E being at the same time held stationary by the vane or rudder, the shutters It will be opened or closed, according to the direction of the movement, the notched plate acting upon the pin 1 of arms is, which latter turn the shutters upon their pivots j. The shutters are held normnll y open by means ofn rock-shaft, H, havingaprojecting arm or finger, 0, which enters a slot,p, and serves to move the plate about the central sleeve or upright, C, as the shaft is rocked, said shaft being also furnished with a longer arm, q, upon which is secured a weight, 7, which tips and holds the rock-shaft in the ICO throw it out of action, for which purpose the shutters are closed, thereby covering up the front of thewheel and shutting out the wind therefrom. To effect this closing of the shutters, I provide a sliding collar or band, Lwhich encircles the upright or sleeve 0, and is furnished with a rod, t, which passes down to a point within easy reach from the ground,where it is in some cases attached to a hand-lever, J,

which serves toraise or lower the rod, and

may be locked at any desired point to a segmental rack, K, over which it moves, and thereby hold the rod at any desired adjustment. A

governor, L, is, however, preferably employed to move rod t, said governor being arranged upon or driven by shaft B, and connected with collar I in any convenient manner.

Upon the upper edge of the collar rests a stud or lug, uyprojecting from the side of arm q of rock-shalt H, as indicated in Fig. 5, so that when the rod and its collar or ring I are raised the rock-shaft is turned and causedto move plate G,which turns the shutters, as explained.

' The stud or lug u will preferably carry an antifriction roller in practice, in order that when the shell or casing E rotates to bring the guard or shield to the wind the lug may travel freely around upon the collar.

If preferred, the shutters may be arranged as shown in Fig. 3, each shutter It being formed with two pintles or journals at each end, one at either edge, as shown, and the outer pintles at the top and bottom being arranged in slots 22 in the floor and ceiling of the shell or casing E, while the inner pintles or journals are fitted in circular openings in the sector-plate G,which latter is in such case arranged above instead of below the floor, and may be made with a collar passing down through the same around the; upright or sleeve 0, to enable it to be turned as required, or may be otherwise arranged. The movement of lhe sector-plate under such arrangement would cause theshutters to change their angle of inclination in essentially the same manner as before explained, the outer studs or pintles moving in the slots v. The construction first described is, however, preferred. The shaft or spindle .B will of course be furnished with a gear or of tower or support A, wheel D, carried by vertical spindle B, revolving shell, supported and revolving upon said spindle, and provided with shutters h and vane F, sector-plate G, connected with the shutter-arms, substantially as shown and described, and rock-shaft H, provided with weight 1', and arranged to 0perate said plate, substantially as set forth.

2. In a horizontal windmill, the combination of a wheel, a shell outside of the wheel, provided with shutters having radial arms, and a sector-plate connected with said arms, substantially as shown and described.

3. In combination with a horizontal windwheel and a shell provided with pivoted shutters, a sector-plate connected with said shutters substantially as shown and described, a rock-shaft having an arm working in a slot in said plate, and provided with a weighted arm having a lateral projection, and a sliding collar concentric with the wheel, and arranged to engage with said lateral projection, and thereby to turn the rock-shaft when raised, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a horizontal windmill substantially such as described, the combination of a tower or support provided with a .tubular sleeve or upright at its top, a wind-wheel having its shaft or spindle carried through said sleeve, and an outer shell swiveled upon the shaft or spindle and also upon the sleeve or upright, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a Windmill, the combination of a tower or support, A, having tubular extension 0, provided with shoulders t and m, wind-wheel D, having shaft or spindle B passingthrough tubular extension 0, shell E, supported upon the end of shaft B and shoulder t", sector-plate G, supported upon shoulder at and shutterarms Ic,and rock-shaft H, connected with the sector-plate, substantially as shown.

loo

6. Inahorizontal windmill, the combination I d IIO 

